Winners

I chose English because no one in my family or friends knew it – no one I spoke to could read what I wrote. I myself did not know the language. It was a parallel reality, an insanely beautiful freedom. It still is.

This book is about the women and men who found themselves on the front lines of the greatest moral battle of our time, the struggle to prove that—despite differences of skin color, gender, ability or custom—humanity is one undivided thing.

My parents speak two different Bantu languages, and even my sister and I speak different languages; so, we all speak to each other in English. We speak Nyanja, Namwanga, Mambwe and Bemba. I tend, when I think in Zambian words, to think in Bemba, not Nyanja.

As a scholar and writer, his footprint is vast, and no one, since the great W.E.B. Du Bois, has done more to reframe the narrative of his field away from the ‘Lost Cause’ myth of white supremacy, toward interracial democracy, truth, and justice.

There’s been a lot of reservation literature written. I wanted to have my characters struggle in the way that I struggled, and the way that I see other Native people struggle, with identity and authenticity.

Since her encounter with Dickinson, Smith has gravitated to poetry that employs plain language to probe the eternal, similar to the work of Elizabeth Bishop and Philip Larkin.

What I attempted to do, and I think all the other black arts poets attempted to do, is that we were about putting the African American and African back on the world stage.

With a combination of deep learning, eloquence and a deft, original way of considering our national history and literature, [Delbanco] documents the human mise-en-scène in a way that matters today.

His writing emphasizes the radical mystery of nature, and he believes that ‘the highest human purpose is to reinvent and celebrate the sacred.’

In its three sections, the reader finds prose memoir and poems in historical persona, including the voice of Jim Limber, the mixed-race son whom Jefferson Davis adopted during the last year of the Civil War.

Growing up in DeLisle, Mississippi, has influenced me in many ways. Growing up here taught me to appreciate beauty, the beauty of the bayous and of the forests and of the Gulf. Growing up in this community taught me to appreciate storytelling, taught me to appreciate language.

The word “bunk” itself comes from politics, sourced to a congressional debate over the Missouri Compromise and slavery. Young connects the timing of the development of our modern notion of race—itself a falsehood—with the coining of the word ‘hoax.’

This is what it felt like to be a bomb. You were coiled up, majestic with blackness, unaware that the universe outside you existed, and then a wire snapped and ripped open your eyelids all the way around and you had a vision of the world in 360 degrees, and everything in your purview was doomed by seeing.

What I wanted was for them to have the grand, sweeping narrative that they deserved, the kind of American history that belongs to the Wright Brothers and the astronauts.

‘The Fortunes’ bends genre and race in ways that make it “a prophetic work in 2017,” according to Joyce Carol Oates.

This roller-coaster mélange of poetry, anecdote, songs, interviews and transcripts is thoroughly entertaining yet requires every ounce of your concentration as he doubles back, bolts ahead or code-switches his way through the briar patch.

This sounds very corny but my life has been determined by two things that have been extremely important: love and violence. There is sorrow, pain and death, but there’s another parallel dimension, and that is love.

Faderman crystalizes this trajectory in the words of activist Frank Kameny: ‘We started with nothing, and look what we have wrought!’

Morris is deeply interested in the tensions of home and away, which can be seen in the immigrant and Great Migration characters populating “The Jazz Palace,” both fictional and actual.

He begins with that moment in Swing 46, which threw him into exploring a tradition that “works very hard to create an illusion of ease” and spontaneity, but also illuminates centuries of complex American culture.

Phillips’ words insists on the strangeness of difference—the classics haunt his poems, but so do roosters in Ohio, Led Zeppelin riffs in the basement and the Wu-Tang Clan.

So I found myself going to this place with the smell of brand-new books, and I could take any book I wanted. It was amazing! I used to go there, and read and read and read. That was a transformative experience.

In her fourth volume of poetry, she experiments with quatrains, sonnets, haiku, allegories and elegies in precise words whose effect are brazen, icy yet inflamed.

An assistant professor of English at Emory University in Atlanta, Brown is celebrated for his intense musicality, lyrical clarity and muscular impact.

Davis’ influence was deep, having changed ‘traditional approaches to intellectual history by embedding ideas in social and political action and institutions.’

A scrupulous, revelatory archival investigation of some 2,000 people enslaved across three generations: roughly half on a Jamaican sugar plantation called Mesopotamia and half on Mount Airy, a Virginia tidewater plantation growing tobacco and grain.

An epic chorus-in-the-round, with some 30 narrators, each in various patois, telling their story as it intersects with the Singer, as James calls the reggae legend over these 700 pages.

Marra takes his title from a medical dictionary definition of life and his inspiration, in part, from the fact that no previous English language novel was set in a region that has been fertile soil for Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Lermontov and Alexandr Pushkin.

A marvelous, nuanced, polyphonic exploration of the life of boxer Jack Johnson, the first African-American heavyweight world champion.

Encouraged by New Yorker Editor David Remnick, Shavit spent five years writing “My Promised Land” in English and Hebrew simultaneously. It asks basic questions: Why was Israel created? What has it achieved? What went wrong? Will it survive?

The interior of Guyana came alive to me, and seemed like another planet […] the great waterfalls and trees—so different from the coast where I was born.

I am always feeling terrified of being known; not because they really know you, but simply because their claim to knowledge is a concealed attempt to destroy you.

In awarding him its literature prize in 1986, the Nobel Jury cited him as a writer ‘who in a wide cultural perspective and with poetic overtones fashions the drama of existence.’

This is a monumental book, the kind that appears once in a decade. It could not be a better example of the literature of diversity.

A vivid, fast-paced book that looks at Filipino heritage, samurai, fathers, masculinity, and memory.

Writer Kevin Powers, who joined the Army at age 17 and served as a machine gunner in Iraq, creates a tightly focused, hypnotic story that spirals around his central character’s isolation. Powers has created a piercing portrayal of war.

In understated prose, the story tells of two slave sisters who turn tables on their mistress and take her captive after her Kentucky farmer husband dies.

Loyalties were always mixed and the world inside the walls of my home was significantly different from the world beyond it.

An elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Blight works in many capacities in the world of public history, including on boards of museums and historical societies, and as a member of a small team of advisers to the 9/11 Memorial and Museum team of curators. 

These studies introduced me to the significance of evolutionary biology for understanding human nature, enabling me to come full circle by fusing my interest in the human mind with my earlier love of the natural world.

Growing up as a schoolboy in Trinidad, I received an education in literature that some people might dismiss as ‘colonial.’ It nevertheless served me well in dealing with the complexities of American biography.

More than 20 years ago, David Eltis and David Richardson decided to combine their studies of the transatlantic slave trade and their data collection efforts into one database, which they posted on the internet.

‘Great House,’ her third novel, was a finalist for a National Book Award for Fiction, short-listed for the Orange Prize, and featured on the cover of the New York Times Book Review.

A graduate of Marquette University and the Iowa Writers’ Workshop, Stefaniak has taught in the Master of Fine Arts programs at Pacific University in Oregon and the University of Nebraska.

Wideman is a widely celebrated author. He was the first writer to win the International PEN/Faulkner Award twice: in 1984 for “Sent for You Yesterday” and in 1990 for ‘Philadelphia Fire.’

The first African-American woman to win a Pulitzer Prize in journalism, and the first black reporter to win for individual reporting, Wilkerson has also won the George Polk Award and a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship.

Most recently, she composed and delivered “Praise Song for the Day” for the inauguration of President Barack Obama.

‘Burnt Shadows,’ her fifth novel, was shortlisted for the Orange Prize for fiction and won the Danish Literature Prize ALOA-2010.

William Julius Wilson is Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser University Professor at Harvard University. He is one of only 20 University Professors, the highest professional distinction for a Harvard faculty member.

Her accomplishments as a global media leader and philanthropist have established her as one of the most respected and admired public figures today.

Erdrich plays individual narratives off one another, dropping apparently insignificant clues that build to head-slapping revelations as fates intertwine and the person responsible for the 1911 killing is identified.

Professor Gordon-Reed, who grew up in still-segregated east Texas, became interested in Jefferson in elementary school after reading a children’s biography of him, narrated by a fictional slave boy.

Taken together, the stories cover a vast geographic territory […] and are filled with exquisitely painful and raw moments of revelation, captured in an economical style as deft as it is sure.

A MacArthur Fellow and winner of the John Dos Passos Prize for Literature, Professor Marshall has taught at various universities over the course of her lifetime.

Apart from feelings of guilt over van Gogh’s death, her voice is forceful and unbowed—like Irshad Manji, she delivers a powerful feminist critique of Islam informed by a genuine understanding of the religion.

His first novel, “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao,” was awarded the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for fiction, National Book Critics Circle Award for best fiction of 2007, the Mercantile Library Center’s John Sargent Prize for First Novel in 2007, and was nominated for an NAACP Image Award.

After September 11, the war in Afghanistan and the terrorist attack on the Indian parliament, Hamid took a leave of absence from his McKinsey & Company job and returned to Pakistan, where he worked as a freelance journalist and on his second novel, ‘The Reluctant Fundamentalist.’

At Harvard College, he studied with John Hawkes and Archibald MacLeish, winning the Dana Read Prize in 1960 for the best piece of writing in any Harvard undergraduate publication.

Her second novel, “Half of a Yellow Sun,” also the title of one of her short stories, is set before and during the Biafran War.

Taylor Branch is an American author and historian best known for his award-winning trilogy chronicling the life of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the history of the American civil rights movement. 

‘Blue Front,’ the book-length poem based on a lynching her father witnessed when he was five years old in Cairo, Illinois, was also chosen as one of “25 Books to Remember from 2006” by the New York Public Library and won an Ohioana Book Award.

Steel Drivin’ Man, which explores the real life and legend of railway hero John Henry, received the Merle Curti Prize for best hook in U.S. social and cultural history from the Organization of American Historians and the National Award for Arts Writing.

Writing these novels was as often as not a sobering learning experience. “Beetlecreek” taught me that Truth is seldom a blazing billboard of light, but as often as not the revelation of a gentle unfolding flower.

In addition to the Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards, “New York Burning” was also a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize.

‘On Beauty’ was recognized with the Orange Prize for Fiction and The Commonwealth Writers’ Best Book Award (Eurasia Section). In addition, the novel was short listed for the Man Booker Prize and was selected by The New York Times as one of the 10 Best Books of 2005.

‘The Dew Breaker’ is a beautifully constructed novel that spirals back to the reformed prison guard at the end, while holding unanswered the question of redemption.

The word “macnolia,” he tellingly suggests, means “a Negro who spells and reads as well as [if not better than] any white”—and it gives him a convincing way to concentrate on an individual life while also exploring social attitudes and racial prejudices of Depression-era America.

Ward brings us back into Johnson’s life and times with exquisitely rendered details, and the fight scenes themselves are gripping: fights so bloody that referees have to change shirts midbout, for instance, and a manager who pulls a gun on his fighter to keep him from quitting.

These works explore the heritage and experience of African-Americans, decade-by-decade, over the course of the twentieth century.

Berlin has long been concerned with studying what he termed the “striking diversity” in African-American life under slavery—a diversity that, he argues, is especially evident when one is attentive to differences over space and time.

Impossible to rush through, “The Known World” is a complex, beautifully written novel with a large cast of characters, rewarding the patient reader with unexpected connections, some reaching into the present day.

More than anything, LeBlanc shows how demanding poverty is. Her prose is plain and unsentimental, blessedly jargon-free, and including street talk only when one of her subjects wants to “conversate.” This fine work deserves attention from policy makers and general readers alike.

Derek Walcott, winner of the 1992 Nobel Prize in Literature, was born in St. Lucia, Windward Islands, the West Indies, and has maintained a permanent residence in Trinidad for more than 20 years.

Stephen L. Carter has helped shape the national debate on issues ranging from the role of religion in American politics and culture to the impact of integrity and civility in our daily lives.

Adrienne Kennedy has been a force in American theatre since the early 1960s, influencing generations of playwrights with her hauntingly fragmentary lyrical dramas.

The emotional force of Power’s argument is carried by moving, sometimes almost unbearable stories of the victims and survivors of such brutality.

Her awards include a 1999 Pushcart Prize, a 1998 Poets & Writers Exchange Program’s Discovery award, a “Discovery”/The Nation award, fellowships from the Watson Foundation, the Sewanee Writers Conference, the Bread Loaf Writers Conference.

Quincy Jones cannot be pigeonholed. In his 50-year music career, Jones has worn the hats of composer, record producer, artist, arranger, conductor, instrumentalist and record company executive.

In the 1960s, Jordan was an advocate for the desegregation of Georgia’s colleges and helped escort a female black student through an angry mob when the University of Georgia was desegregated.

Smart, learned and soaringly ambitious, his second novel consolidates his position as one of the leading writers of serious fiction of his generation.

Wright’s latest work, “Transfigurations: Collected Poems” has been called ‘nothing less than the great work of art.’

Clifton’s writing is steeped in the rich oral tradition of the griot—the African storyteller. Through verse Clifton has scrutinized the American dream through the eyes of its most powerless and neglected citizens: women, minorities and children.

The Los Angeles Times Book Review calls it ‘a work of keen scholarship that will appeal to the general reader responsive to graceful, lucid prose by an author with an eye for ironic situations and complex emotions.’

Toole explores the world of boxing with an insider’s directness and understanding, all the while remaining true to the flawed, noble humanity of his characters.

Gaines was never exposed to black writers, and so his literary models were such white American writers as Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner, and European writers such as Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy. He decided early, however, to focus his own writing on what he knew—which meant portraying African American culture and language.

By exploring his own experiences as a second-generation Korean-born American, Lee’s novels portray the tensions between assimilation into a society and alienation from oneself and one’s heritage. 

Edward W. Said was one of the foremost cultural critics of the postwar world. He wrote extensively on history, politics, literature, music and philosophy.

Raised in rural New Hampshire, Banks initially planned to follow his father into the plumbing business; where he grew up, he told an interviewer, ‘the idea of being a writer was like the idea of being a butterfly.’

For Franklin, the task of correcting American history in the light of black experience had always been a crucial part of the fight for racial equality.

Lewis marched with civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, in an effort to secure voting rights for African Americans. During the march, a confrontation with police occurred, and Lewis was one of many marchers beaten in what became known as Bloody Sunday.

Because the power of her images breeds visions which are neither easy nor inescapable, Toi Derricotte moves us […] The pain does not exceed the power.

I learned that photography would enable me to show what was right and wrong about America, the world and life.

Although Mosley’s fiction falls into a category that many consider subliterary—detective fiction—his depth of character, researched historical details, and realistic dialogue transcend the cliches of the genre.

The experience of losing one’s birth mother becomes a metaphor for the detachment from one’s mother country. The novel is a chilling and tight monologue, a haunting expression of the protagonist’s isolation.

The story of life lived on both sides of the color line, McBride’s memoir gives equal space to the voice of his white mother […] and his own questions about navigating black identity as a mixed-race person.

He presents himself as an ardent critic of theories that contend that African Americans are subservient to white social infrastructures. Murray views African American culture as an advantageous extension of the American self.

Bell dips into the chaos like a colonial Bret Easton Ellis, providing us all the details with an almost deviant relish. It’s only when the noble slave Touissant Louverture takes control of the African mob that a bit of civility returns to the war-torn country.

When everything breaks down in a neighborhood, how is a family or children supposed to proper? When the pipes and electricity don’t work, and asthma runs rampant because of an incinerator strategically placed in the poorest and weakest of places, how does the spirit survive?

In 1926 West, then living in New York among the luminaries of the Harlem Renaissance, shared second place honors with Zora Neale Hurston in a national writing competition organized by Opportunity, the magazine of the National Urban League.

Timely in the subject of interracial love, this authentic, richly detailed novel plumbs sacrifice, fear, and the loss of one’s identity, bringing the anguish of the two young lovers to life.

As if reflecting the dislocations of his 1960s youth, Staples sketches numerous fragments: his older sister slipping toward delinquency, the challenge by bullies at a new school, the untimely shooting death of his cousin.

Tucker’s accessible book focuses on the intrusion of these “scientists” into public and political life, the methodological problems with their research, and often the politics which underpinned their work.

Her stories celebrate, mourn, and honor Latinas, collectively and individually, and also consider the influential men in her own life: the author’s beloved, unknowable, philandering father; the first boy she loved; her heartbreakingly deteriorating grandfather.

A work of keen scholarship that will appeal to the general reader responsive to graceful, lucid prose by an author with an eye for ironic situations and complex emotions.

Ron Takaki elevated and popularized the study of America’s multiracial past and present like no other scholar, and in doing so had an indelible impact on a generation of students and researchers across the nation and world.

My first memories are of a place called ‘Mbrom,’ a small neighborhood in Kumasi, capital of Asante, as that kingdom turned from being part of the British Gold Coast colony to being a region of the Republic of Ghana.

Her work delves into the unheralded inner lives of women through chronicles of migration, urban dislocation and deprivation in borderland arroyos and urban barrios. Cisneros captures the deepest existential concerns and struggles of women.

At this critical time when the earth is facing environmental catastrophe and it is clear that we need a change of values, this work questions the precept that Western civilization has always been equated with male domination and warfare.

With “Invisible Man,” Ellison simultaneously “defined the historic moment of mid-20th century America” and ‘single-handedly re[wrote] the American novel as an African American adventure in fiction.’

The story, written as grippingly as a novel, is charged with twists that only nonfiction can deliver [….] This is, writes Greene, a story of ‘large and important things happening in a very little place.’

Hayes specializes in the history of Germany in the 20th century, particularly the Nazi period.

Elaine and Harry Mensh clearly demonstrate that IQ tests have been fundamentally biased from the very beginning. These tests, they argue, serve to maintain the status quo of unequal educational opportunities.

Waniek retains the immediacy of this oral legacy through a skillful interweaving of dialect, quotations and first-person narration, and through her matter-of-fact, unadorned speech.

Angela and I feel when we come back to the Western world that we’ve really lost the important rituals that teach us so many things. We really hope that our book will rekindle an awareness of these values as we all move into the millennium.

Myrdal came to argue that the “Negro problem” was really a “white problem,” a moral dilemma of a most complex sort that had not only economic dimensions but cultural, political, and structural dimensions as well.

Christianity, in the five centuries since its message was first carried to the peoples of the New World—and, in particular, to the natives and the transplanted Africans of English North America and the United States—has been fundamentally racist in its ideology, organization, and practice.

Honour places each work in its social context, yet his study refuses to treat works of art merely as historical documents. Instead, it inquires into how social realities enable and constrain the possibilities of art.

Told in an earthy and uncontrived dialect, these memorable poems offer, not remote, idealized victims, but American black women of the 19th century making folksong poetry out of a terrible destiny: to be denied freedom, dignity, and humanity.

‘Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963’ [is] a sweeping and authoritative examination of the work and days of Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.

Gates has been a central figure in opening the canon of American literature to include work of the highest quality not only by African Americans, but also by women, gays and lesbians, and other traditionally excluded writers.

Using oral histories and extensive archival research, George Lipsitz examines the culture of opposition through the events of Perry’s life of commitment and illumines the social and political changes and conflicts that have convulsed the United States during the past fifty years.

The Dreamtime of the Aborigines’ bark paintings, acrylics, ceremonial objects and sculptures is both the sacred, life-giving dimension of the present and the realm in which ancestral spirits roam the landscape.

Myths, legends, and songs are explained and depicted, and there is a special emphasis on the Maya’s weaving, the one art form to have persisted virtually unchanged throughout the last 2000 years.

In her novels and short stories Gordimer has captured the “flesh and blood of individual behavior” in minute and sentient detail, chronicling daily life in South Africa under apartheid, and portraying the human face of resistance.

Above all, Morrison is known for her rich, lyrical prose, which fuses the rhythms and imagery of African American speech and music with other literary influences to create a discourse of its own.

Thernstrom shows how a measure carefully crafted to open the polling booths to southern blacks has evolved into a powerful tool for affirmative action in the electoral sphere—a means to promote black and Hispanic office holding by creating “safe” seats for minority candidates.

This balanced, honest biography offers deep insights into a major artist’s personality and work as well as a sweeping view of American culture in his lifetime.

Gail Sheehy has rocked the culture and changed the way millions of women and men around the world look at the stages of their lives.

This volume is an essential for kachina collectors. Author Barton Wright is known as the authority on Hopi kachinas and this book, his major work, shows why.

Downs combines detailed social history with informed legal interpretation in a provocative examination of an abiding tension between individual freedom and community integrity, and between procedural and substantive justice.

An Orphic voyage into memory and mirage, through passages between death and life, darkness and light, oppression and flight, sense and the sensed.

In this controversial work, he suggests, with good cause, that a combination of anti-Semitism and indifference to anything not perceived as being of direct strategic importance to the United States indirectly led to countless deaths.

Alcina Franch developed an interest in archaeology, initially with a historical bias, soon to be transformed into a consideration of anthropology as a science.

It is his coming-of-age story, he notes, ‘the story of the scholarship boy who returns home one summer to discover the bewildering silence, facing his parents. This is my story. An American story.’

He is not afraid to take action when necessary; he is never merely a commentator from the sidelines, and never untrue to the demands of his craft, whether his work is in the form of a poem, an essay, or a play.

Field has made a contribution to the discussion among historians of Germany whether German society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was an exception in Europe, or whether racialism, anti-Semitism, and all the excesses of ultra-nationalism were endemic in the whole of European society in the age of imperialism.

This is not so much a book as it is an experience, aided by its “over-sized” coffee table format book that gives you the feeling of “stepping” into the beautiful Kenyan landscape.

Both an insider and an outsider, Highwater enjoyed what he considered to be a distinctive Native American sensibility that expected individuals to be transformed rather than retain a fixed identity.

The effect is a perspective on the field of human development that is exciting in its possibilities [….] It conveys masterfully the mystery and excitement of scientific investigation.

By maintaining simultaneous historical and synchronic perspectives, Lee is able to extend his analysis of core features from the contemporary !Kung to prehistoric societies. These basic principles become the means to understanding the form of human life that has been obscured by the developments and complications of societies during the last few thousand years.

The narrative improvises upon the oral tradition of talk-story, a form of storytelling that encouraged Hong Kingston’s aspirations to become a strong, self-articulate woman.

Richard Kluger provides the fullest possible view of the human and legal drama in the years before 1954, the cumulative assaults on the white power structure that defended segregation, and the step-by-step establishment of a team of inspired black lawyers that could successfully challenge the law.

Persuaded that the enormity of a bygone injustice has been only partially perceived, I have taken upon myself the task of piecing together what might be called the ‘forgotten’ or ignored parts of the tapestry of those years.

Dawidowicz allows the coolly accumulated weight of detail—the growing force of the Nazi’s anti-Semitic juggernaut, the evolution of the camps as places of scientific murder, the efforts by the victims to hold onto fragments of normal life—to create its emotional and intellectual impact.

Paramount in his analysis is the importance of Islam, the principal Middle Eastern religion, and how it has helped mould the character and proclivities of the ‘elusive, self-contradictory Arab mentality.’

This is a necessary transcendence of many other historians’ dehumanizing view of both slaves and slaveholders, and to it Genovese brings his intellectual expansiveness and depth of feeling.

The book is encyclopedic in scope and is sure to provide the definitive account, tracing the development of Aryan mythology in European history.

‘Doctor and the Aborigines’ tells the story of Dr Duguids’ life, from his birth in Scotland to his eventual arrival in Australia, and then to taking up of the aboriginal cause the 1930’s.

A profound and thorough interpretation of Wright’s work. It is at once affective and human, very moving and complete. Michel Fabre understands both the man and the writer.

While executing his first lawyering job as an Advocate at the Cape Town Bar, Sachs came to see laws as tools ‘to oppress people, not to protect people.’

Sentenced to life imprisonment for allegedly having communicated French military secrets to the German Embassy in Paris, Dreyfus was sent to the penal colony at Devil’s Island in French Guiana and placed in solitary confinement.

Pat Conroy’s extraordinary drama is based on his own experience–the true story of a man who gave a year of his life to an island and the new life its people gave him.

It is invaluable for its investigation of the see-sawing between the two nations as it grappled with “the peculiar institution,” and how the abolitionist camps of both countries sustained and supported each other as the two governments came to the elimination of the slave trade, colonization of Africa, and emancipation.

The book pays particular attention to how each new generation of parents expresses the cultural and social structural forces that formed it and continue to constrain its behavior.

The book is a history of ideas, but also a study of how those ideas were espoused and applied by race-conscious intellectuals, pseudointellectuals, publicists, and politicians.

John S. Haller, Jr., shows the relationship between scientific “conviction” and public policy. He focuses on the numerous liberally educated American scientists who were caught up in the triumph of evolutionary ideas and who sought to apply those ideas to comparative morality, health, and the physiognomy of nonwhite races.

Taking a fresh look at the works of such giants as Pavlov, Freud, Marx, Myrdal, and Kurt Lewin, Loye shows us how their theories and findings can be used to help solve our racial dilemma.

Mokgatle’s various organized labor and political activities brought him into headlong contact with state repression. Between 1930 and 1954 he was arrested and imprisoned on countless occasions.

This volume addresses the role of Africa’s women in Africa’s history, includes additional sections on slavery and the slave trade, and discusses the persistent difficulties of African societies to gain the economic and social advantages hoped for from independence.

‘Black Freedom: The Nonviolent Abolitionists from 1830 through the Civil War’ is a careful, well-written, and thoroughly documented study of abolitionist nonviolence and anti-abolitionist violence in the generation before the Civil War. Anyone wishing to understand contemporary violence can profit from reading this volume.

Steiner’s “La Raza” is a book of panoramic scope and realized intention, an impressionistic history of the Mexican people from their original magnificence through their defeats and on to their burgeoning self-awareness and militancy.

Until this volume, there has been no single book written that relates the history and life style of one of the Iroquois peoples with the encompassing depth and breadth of knowledge, clarity, and interest that the subject deserves.

Carter’s historical investigation traces the struggle for justice of nine Black men falsely accused of raping two white women, a battle that was brought to court in 1930 and was ultimately heard by the Supreme Court of Alabama several years later.

Deloria advocates the ethnic pride fostered by tribalism, which is a covenantal relationship between people, land, and religion that makes each community robust and distinctive.

Central to the thinking about the negro in Brazilian society is the myth of racial democracy and the absence of prejudice. […] Florestan Fernandes’ book sets out to dispel this myth.

With his emphasis on individual differences and respect for all persons, Dahlstrom devoted significant energy to trying to understand the role of ethnicity in individual functioning and personality assessment.

Brooks created a unique poetic voice that grappled with issues of art, identity, race, gender, and the relation between literature and popular culture.

In ancient times when a man was treated as Leo Frank has been treated people felt that an obscene god was pursuing him. No mortal could be so relentless. No mortal could surround another with such ingenious cruelty. Only a conspiracy of fate could make horror so massive.

During his years of service at the University of Kansas, Lurie was frequently a visiting or exchange professor at other universities. He also held Fulbright professorships in Argentina, Costa Rico, Mexico, Chile, and Italy.

Cohn shows how the fiction of a Jewish conspiracy, then combined with racist ideology to produce the Holocaust: civilization needed to be rescued from this dark, earthbound race by the “world of good, of light, incarnated in blond, blue-eyed people” marching under the sun-god’s symbol, the swastika.

Coles has led the nation in an examination of the moral, spiritual, and philosophical concerns of children through more than 60 books and 1,200 articles.

How did the German people, seemingly so congenial to the Jews, develop a murderous revulsion against them, ending a long and fruitful symbiosis? Kahler sees this as a parallel to the parricidal rejection of the Jews by the Christian church.

The contradiction of slavery grew more profound when it became closely linked with American colonization, which had as its basic foundation the desire and opportunity to create a more perfect society.

I believe [tape transcription] captures the full flavor of the speech of the people, the slang, the nuances, the hesitations, the laughter, the tears.

Baldry believes that [the idea of the unity of mankind] cannot be attributed to any single individual, but that the true picture is a long and complicated chain of development to which many contributed.

With epic reach, Brown depicts his struggles with race, poverty, sex, family, friendship, religion and education on his way to a soulful, mature independence and a life outside the ghetto.

The book, which concludes with Malcolm X’s reevaluation of the Nation of Islam religious movement, highlights the complexity, compassion, and humanity of a figure whose public image might otherwise have remained monolithic and negative.

‘Assimilation in American Life’ is one of the most widely cited books in the field of racial and ethnic group relations and is considered the standard work on the assimilation process.

This work remains an incisive demonstration of the successful role played by rights activists during and after the Civil War, when they evolved from despised fanatics into influential spokespersons for the radical wing of the Republican party.

‘A History of the Jews’ interweaves religious and philosophical factors with the social, political and economic background of Jewish life from pre-biblical times to 1964.

Thus the Mississippian, who prides himself on his individuality, lives in a climate where nonconformity is forbidden, where the white man is not free, where he does not dare to express a deviating opinion without looking over his shoulder.

‘One of the most popular, and most influential, works of sociology of its time’ [….] “Beyond the Melting Pot” generated a debate as to whether—and to what degree—ethnic cultures should assimilate into American society.

Based upon a wide and deep knowledge of Negro American history and interviews in depth with a cross-section of Negro Americans from James Baldwin, Ralph Bunche, W.E.B. DuBois, and Jackie Robinson to unknown men and women, the volume probes the impact of world affairs, particularly the African Revolution, on Negro Americans.

With a profound knowledge of the biological theory of evolution and modern genetics, Mr. Dobzhansky explores the possibilities of understanding mankind as a product of evolution and as an evolving whole.

Griffin was a white native of Mansfield, Texas and the book describes his six-week experience traveling on Greyhound buses (occasionally hitchhiking) throughout the racially segregated states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia passing as a black man.

He came to know the virus of prejudice very well, as he was turned down from job after job. Braithwaite described feeling “caught like an insect in the tweezers grip of prejudice.” Teaching became the cure to set him free.

In defending his country, he was also surprised at how often the fact that he was an American seemed much more important than the color of his skin.

Davidson traces the exciting development of the rich kingdoms of the lost cities of Africa, fifteen hundred years before European ships first came to African shores.

Haynes Holmes helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909 and also the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) in 1920.

King came to represent black courage and achievement, high moral leadership, and the ability of Americans to address and overcome racial divisions.

Valid analysis of prejudice and discrimination must rest squarely on broader principles of human behavior. Every proposition concerning intergroup relations should be harmonized with, in fact a part of, the general principles being developed in social science.

‘White Mother’ is an unusual, colorfully told true tale that transcends the barriers of racial prejudice. It is the story of the power of love, one that will renew your faith in the inherent goodness of human nature.

With astonishing erudition, a commanding sense of style, and a gift for gripping narrative, Senhor Freyre has applied all the modern techniques of social study to the remarkably successful melting-pot culture of “medieval” Brazil.

This book […] is ‘a practical guide for those actively engaged in reducing segregation and discrimination in public institutions, voluntary social agencies, and in other community organizations.’

Saunders presents the book as a general account of Spanish-American culture “to enable professional people who work with members of the Spanish-speaking group to have some insights into factors that may underlie some of their behavior.” He succeeds admirably.

As a poet, playwright, fiction writer, autobiographer, and anthologist, Hughes captured the moods and rhythms of the black communities he knew and loved—and translated those rhythms to the printed page.

Mowat refers to himself as a “saga man,” or one who earns his living as a roving bard, retelling ancient tales in the Norse tradition.

I write as an Asian, with all the pent-up emotions of my people. What I say will annoy many people who prefer the more conventional myths brought back by writers on the Orient. All I can say is that I try to tell the truth. Truth, like surgery, may hurt, but it cures.

Instead, his venture to the interior is more existential, and he isn’t afraid to muse in the manner of St. Exupery—a refreshing break from much of today’s vapid extreme outdoor culture. [….] The book has a resonance beyond its clean, quiet prose—a kind of melancholic self-reflection.

John Richard Hersey was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American writer and journalist considered one of the earliest practitioners of the so-called New Journalism, in which storytelling devices of the novel are fused with non-fiction reportage.

Fineberg was a pioneer in Jewish community relations and at developing techniques for combating anti-Semitism and was known among professional colleagues as ‘The Dean of Jewish Community Relations.’

‘In quick succession I knew the glory of motherhood and the pain of deep sorrow,’ she wrote later. ‘For the years immediately following, everything I did […] was motivated by my passionate desire to make a good life for my sons.’

When his first novel, “Cry, the Beloved Country,” was published in 1948, the reviews hailed it as ‘beautiful and profoundly moving […] steeped in sadness and grief but radiant with hope and compassion.’

While Collier notes the role of epidemics, his view is that the Indian populations were decimated by the destruction of the native cultures, and by forced labor under extreme hardship conditions.

It is one of the best—and earliest—views of breaking the color line as well as a touching love story of a man and woman of different races.

By writing in the language of all Jews about everyday Jewish life, Sholem Asch, along with other pioneers of Yiddish literature, sought to preserve a sense of culture and community among his kinsmen despite their dispersal throughout the world and lack of a common homeland.

Kibbe called for a constitutional amendment prohibiting segregation and discrimination, the institutionalization of the GNC as a permanent state agency, the abolition of the poll tax, and the reapportionment of school funds. Everett Ross Clinchy, Jr., called the book ‘angry.’

Drake and Cayton’s findings not only offer a generalized analysis of black migration, settlement, community structure, and black-white race relations in the early part of the twentieth century, but also tell us what has changed in the last hundred years and what has not.

A decade before the wider white society had begun to think seriously about race relations, Stegner’s work targeted racial prejudice as one of the country’s most profound ills.

With rare perceptiveness, Gwethalyn Graham takes the reader into the lives of Erica Drake and Marc Reiser, whose two worlds are separated by families and conventions. Here is the story of a man and woman who dared earth and high heaven to make their vision real.

In addition to framing and amplifying the debate over America’s racial hypocrisy, Myrdal investigated poverty in Asia, served on an international war crimes tribunal following Vietnam, and along with his wife, Alva, helped shape the modern Swedish state.

He parlayed [the success of “New World A-Coming”] into a military commission and a prolonged stint as a war correspondent publishing regularly with the labor newspaper PM as well as the Pittsburgh Courier.

Life and religion were indivisible for the Kasrielevkites; they did not think of religion as something tagged on to life, something separate, detachable and optional.

Hurston considered her own blackness a gift and an opportunity. As an anthropologist and writer, she savored the richness of black culture and made a career out of writing about that culture in all its color and fullness.

In 1950 he left Canada and returned to communist Poland. He felt he had an obligation to help the science in Poland recover from the ravages of the Second World War.

The central thesis of the book is that Haitian society is divided into two segments, the yeomanry and the elite, and that the national institutional structure has not allowed any alteration in that division in the course of Haiti’s history as a sovereign nation.

‘No more school for me. I was going to America,’ Adamic wrote. ‘I did not know how, but I knew that I would go.’

Frazier discussed all the themes that have concerned subsequent students of the African American family, including matriarchy and patriarchy, the impact of slavery on family solidarity and personal identity, the impact of long-term poverty and lack of access to education, migration and rootlessness, and the relationship between family and community.

Ralph Johnson Bunche was among the most prominent sociologists, diplomats, civil rights and peace activists of the 20th century.

Along with Ralph Bunche and other important scholars, Johnson worked with Gunnar Myrdal on his epic study of race in America from 1938-1940.

To counter the rise of Nazism and its racist ideologies, scientists critical of the use of race to justify oppression and discrimination published a number of important works. “We Europeans: A Survey of “Racial” Problems” by Huxley and Haddon, sought to show that science offered a very limited definition of race.

By the time of his death in 1997 Gosnell was widely considered to have made quantitative analysis mainstream in political science.